Cell Biology Basics

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Eukaryotic cells

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Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes.

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Prokaryotic Cells

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Do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

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Cell theory

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Fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells.

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Cell

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Smallest unit of life.

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4 cell structures all cells contain

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DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and proteins.

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Cell membrane

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Thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

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Cytoplasm

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A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.

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DNA

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A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

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Proteins

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Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues; building blocks of life.

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Cell wall

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Strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells; found in plants, fungi, and bacteria (NOT in animal cells).