Lipid Biosynthesis | Fatty Acid Biosynthesis 3: Fatty Acid Synthase

The video tutorial explains the process of fatty acid synthesis, highlighting its separation from catabolism in the mitochondria. It compares the steps of beta oxidation with fatty acid synthesis, emphasizing the role of acyl carrier protein and the importance of NADPH. The tutorial details the cycle of chain elongation using malonyl CoA and explains the differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, including the role of elongase for longer chains.

What is the primary function of acetyl CoA carboxylase in fatty acid synthesis?

• To break down fatty acids

• To synthesize proteins

• To convert acetyl CoA into malonyl CoA

• To generate acetyl CoA

Where does fatty acid synthesis primarily occur?

• In the cytosol

• Inside the mitochondria

• In the rough endoplasmic reticulum

• In the nucleus

What is the role of the acyl carrier protein in fatty acid synthesis?

• To break down fatty acids

• To carry and transfer the growing fatty acid chain

• To synthesize acetyl CoA

• To oxidize fatty acids

Which molecule provides the reducing power for fatty acid synthesis?

• FADH2

• ATP

• NADH

• NADPH

What is the first step in the fatty acid synthesis cycle?

• Condensation

• Reduction

• Dehydration

• Oxidation

How many carbons are added to the growing fatty acid chain in each cycle?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

What is the maximum number of carbons that fatty acid synthase can add to a fatty acid chain?

• 14

• 20

• 16

• 18

Which enzyme is responsible for elongating fatty acids beyond 16 carbons?

• Fatty acid synthase

• Elongase

• Lipase

• Acetyl CoA carboxylase

What type of fatty acids does the fatty acid synthase complex primarily produce?

• Trans fatty acids

• Polyunsaturated fatty acids

• Saturated fatty acids

• Unsaturated fatty acids

What happens to the 16-carbon fatty acid before it is elongated?

• It is oxidized

• It is hydrolyzed and reconnected to coenzyme A

• It is reduced

• It is converted to glucose