Nervous System Disorders

Spina Bifida

• Spinal Cord is exposed at birth

• Mylein Sheath of nerve cells begins to die

• is inherited

• Caused from an infection

A shuffling gait pattern with short steps and decreased arm swing is commonly associated with which central nervous system disorder?

• Alzheimer's disease

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

• Parkinson's disease

• Epilepsy

Individuals with cerebellar disorders may exhibit an ataxic gait pattern, which is characterized by:

• Slow, shuffling steps

• Stiff and spastic movements

• Unsteady, stumbling steps

• Normal gait with no abnormalities

Which central nervous system disorder may lead to a hemiplegic gait pattern, causing dragging of one leg and difficulty in initiating movement on one side of the body?

• Stroke (Cerebrovascular accident)

• Multiple sclerosis

• Myasthenia gravis

• ALS

In individuals with central nervous system disorders affecting the lower limbs, a scissoring gait pattern may occur, which is characterized by:

• Exaggerated arm swing

• Stiff, slow movements

• Crossing of the legs while walking

• High-stepping gait

A festinating gait pattern is commonly associated with which central nervous system disorder and is characterized by small, rapid steps?

• Huntington's disease

• Multiple sclerosis

• Alzheimer's disease

• Parkinson's disease

Damage to the upper motor neurons in the central nervous system can result in which type of gait pattern?

• Equinus gait

• Steppage gait

• Spastic gait

• Trendelenburg gait

Patients with Alzheimer's disease may exhibit an apraxic gait pattern, which is characterized by:

• Stiff and slow movements

• Short, shuffling steps

• Inability to initiate walking despite the capability

• Frequent falls

When there is an inflammation of the protective sheath around the nerve fibers in the central nervous system, it is referred to as:

• Atrophy

• Encephalopathy

• Myelitis

• Syncope

Which term is used to describe involuntary, sudden, and unpredictable muscle contractions or spasms often associated with certain neurological conditions?

• Atrophy

• Chorea

• Paresthesia

• Aphasia