4.PS3.1 Review

A moving object will have more energy when the object

• moves faster.

• stops moving.

• changes direction.

• loses mass.

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Four identical balls are rolled from the same position at the same time. The illustration shows each ball’s starting position and ending position after rolling for two seconds. Which ball had the most energy?

• Ball 1

• Ball 2

• Ball 3

• Ball 4

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Two model trains are running on tracks that are lined up next to each other. The two trains are not moving at the same speed. What would cause one train to move faster than the other?

• The slower train’s cars have less mass.

• The faster train has more energy.

• The faster train has a wider track.

• The slower train has an older engine.

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We observe a moving object. When we observe the object moving more slowly, we know that it

• will move in a new direction.

• has more gravity pulling on it.

• can’t go back to where it started.

• has less energy than it had before.

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Students investigate balls as they roll down ramps and discover the higher the ramp, the more energy the ball is given. Which observation would be evidence for the idea that rolling balls that contain more energy travel faster?

• Balls that roll down ramps 20 cm. high go faster than balls that roll down ramps 10 cm. high.

• Balls that roll down ramps 30 cm. high go fast at first, but then they slow down and stop.

• Balls that roll down ramps 10 cm. high go faster on a tile floor than on a carpeted floor.

• Balls that roll down ramps 20 cm. high never travel any farther than 250 cm.

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Which animal shown on the chart uses the least amount of energy while running?

• Cheetah

• Rabbit

• Elephant

• Chicken

For questions 7-9, read each pair of statements. Which one describes the object with the most energy?

• A meteor that is falling at 11 kilometers per second

• The same meteor falling at 72 kilometers per second

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For questions 7-9, read each pair of statements. Which one describes the object with the most energy?

• A racecar on a racetrack moving 60 miles per hour

• An identical racecar moving 80 miles per hour

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For questions 7-9, read each pair of statements. Which one describes the object with the most energy?

• A football thrown by a professional NFL quarterback

• A football thrown by a child

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Mrs. Stone’s class did an experiment to determine from what height on a ramp a toy car had the most energy. The results are shown in the table below. From which interval did the car have the most energy and why?

• The car had the most energy at 5 cm. because it went the least distance and had less speed.

• The car had the most energy at 15 cm. because it went the greatest distance so it had the greatest speed.

• The car had the most energy at 20 cm. because it went the greatest distance so it had the greatest speed.

• The car had the same amount of energy at all intervals because the mass of the car was the same

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