Biogeochemical Cycles

How would increasing concentrations of antibiotics in soil most likely affect the nitrogen cycle?

• by causing a decrease in nitrogen-fixation reactions

• by increasing the rate nitrogen to the atmosphere

• by providing nitrogen compounds and eliminating the need for nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil

• by increasing the rate of nitrogen fixation so that excess nitrates and ammonia are released into the atmosphere

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Which organisms are responsible for nitrogen fixation in the nitrogen cycle?

• Plants and animals

• Viruses and protists

• Fungi and algae

• Bacteria

Which of the following is an example of how biogeochemical cycles are important in sustaining life? LT4 DOK2

• The atoms of water molecules are destroyed during a drought.

• Oxygen atoms are recycled into carbon during cellular respiration.

• Phosphorus in wastes are recycled into useful nutrients for other organisms.

• New gold atoms are created during the carbon cycle.

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The cycling of which element is required for proteins and nucleic acids?

• Nitrogen

• Calcium

• Silver

• Sodium

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Based on the information in the diagram, which of the following processes returns carbon dioxide to the air or water? Choose all that apply

• decomposition of plants and animals

• combustion of coal and oil

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

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Which scenario will MOST LIKELY result in a change to the nitrogen cycle that negatively affects plant growth?

• Increasing the variety of legumes (bean plants) in a field

• Planting crops that do not need nitrogen for survival

• Decreasing the amount of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil

• Increasing the amount of fertilizers used on farms

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Which statement best describes how the carbon cycle and oxygen cycle are interrelated?

• Animals use CO₂ and release O₂ during respiration.

• Animals release H₂O during respiration and CO₂ during transpiration.

• Plants use CO₂ and release O₂ during photosynthesis.

• Plants release H₂O during transpiration and release CO₂ during photosynthesis.

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Why is running out of oxygen still not a real concern? LT4 DOK2/3

• A. Oxygen can easily be mined from rocks and sand then released into the atmosphere.

• B. The sun creates more new oxygen atoms in the atmosphere by splitting phosphate molecules.

• C. Oxygen is recycled through the interrelated processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

• D. Lightning creates large quantities of of ozone which quickly breaks down into oxygen molecules

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Which of the following describes why farmers use fertilizers on their crops?

• Fertilizers increases nitrogen that plants use to grow

• Fertilizers increase the absorption of water by plants

• Fertilizers decreases nitrogen that plants use to grow

• Fertilizers decreases the number of insects the eat plants

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Which of the following statements about the phosphorus cycle are correct?

• Phosphorus is rarely a limiting factor in an ecosystem

• Phosphorus mainly enters the biosphere from rock and sediments

• Phosphorus is released into the atmosphere by volcanic eruptions

• Phosphorus is present in land based ecosystem but rarely in aquatic ecosystems

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