Front

What was one of the effects of the Crusades on European trade?

Back

Increased demand for goods and trade with the East

Front

What event in 1453 disrupted the trade routes controlled by the Ottomans and Italians?

Back

The fall of Constantinople under the rule of the Ottoman Muslim Empire

Front

What was the motivation of Europeans to spread Christianity during explorations?

Back

Hostility towards Muslims

Front

What caused the need for additional resources among European empires?

Back

Economic needs of standing armies and navies

Front

What inspired researchers to discover new lands during the Renaissance?

Back

The spirit of curiosity and personal achievements

Front

What opportunities did inventions like the caravel and magnetic compass provide?

Back

Longer and more efficient sea voyages

Front

What began after Christopher Columbus's journey to America?

Back

Extensive exchange of plants and animals between America and Europe

Front

What was the result of introducing crops such as sugarcane in America?

Back

Creation of plantations in America

Front

What was the impact of European diseases on the indigenous peoples of the Americas?

Back

The population of the indigenous peoples of the Americas decreased

Front

What was one of the effects of the introduction of European firearms in Africa?

Back

Expansion of African slave trade and intensification of military actions in Africa