ФЕРМЕНТЫ, КЛАССЫ, НИШ, 10 КЛАСС

What are the six classes of enzymes?

• Carbohydrases

• Proteases

• Nucleases

• Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, Ligases

Define the term 'enzyme'.

• An enzyme is a substance that slows down chemical reactions.

• An enzyme is a type of protein that provides energy.

• An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions.

• An enzyme is a molecule that stores genetic information.

What is the primary function of hydrolases?

• To promote the formation of chemical bonds.

• To act as a storage mechanism for energy.

• To facilitate the transport of molecules across membranes.

• The primary function of hydrolases is to catalyze the hydrolysis of chemical bonds.

Give an example of a ligase and its function.

• Ligase enzyme

• Protein ligase

• RNA ligase

• DNA ligase

How do oxidoreductases facilitate biochemical reactions?

• Oxidoreductases break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

• Oxidoreductases transport nutrients across cell membranes.

• Oxidoreductases are responsible for protein synthesis in cells.

• Oxidoreductases catalyze electron transfer reactions, facilitating oxidation and reduction processes in biochemical reactions.

What is the role of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes are responsible for transporting nutrients in cells.

• Enzymes slow down chemical reactions in biological systems.

• Enzymes provide structural support to cells.

• Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in biological systems.

Describe the characteristics that distinguish enzymes from other proteins.

• Enzymes are biological catalysts with specific active sites, high substrate specificity, and the ability to be reused without being consumed in reactions.

• Enzymes are structural proteins that provide support to cells.

• Enzymes are consumed in reactions and cannot be reused.

• Enzymes have no specific active sites and can bind to any molecule.

What type of reaction do transferases catalyze?

• Synthesis of nucleic acids.

• Transfer of functional groups between molecules.

• Hydrolysis of proteins.

• Oxidation of molecules.

Name a specific hydrolase and the substrate it acts on.

• Lipase; Fat

• Protease; Protein

• Lactase; Lactose

• Amylase; Starch

What is the significance of enzyme specificity?

• Enzyme specificity is significant because it allows for precise control of biochemical reactions, ensuring efficiency and regulation in metabolic pathways.

• Enzyme specificity is irrelevant to metabolic pathways.

• Enzyme specificity increases the number of reactions that can occur simultaneously.

• Enzyme specificity is only important in industrial applications.