Understanding Alkanes

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH2n

• CnH(2n-2)

• C(n-1)H(2n+1)

• CnH(2n+2)

Describe the structure of a typical alkane.

• A typical alkane has a chain of carbon atoms connected by single bonds, with hydrogen atoms filling the remaining valences.

• Alkanes have a ring structure with alternating double bonds.

• A typical alkane consists of only carbon atoms without hydrogen.

• Alkanes are composed of carbon chains connected by triple bonds.

How many carbon atoms are in the alkane with the formula C5H12?

• 5

• 10

• 6

• 4

What is the IUPAC name for the alkane with the formula C3H8?

• butane

• propane

• pentane

• ethane

Explain the concept of isomerism in alkanes.

• Isomerism in alkanes refers to compounds with different molecular formulas.

• Isomerism in alkanes is the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements.

• Isomerism is the process of converting alkanes into alkenes.

• Isomerism in alkanes only involves geometric arrangements without structural differences.

What is the significance of the suffix '-ane' in alkane nomenclature?

• The suffix '-ane' is used for aromatic compounds.

• The suffix '-ane' indicates the presence of a double bond.

• The suffix '-ane' signifies that the compound is a saturated hydrocarbon.

• The suffix '-ane' signifies that the compound is a cyclic hydrocarbon.

How do you determine the longest carbon chain in a branched alkane?

• Ignore any branches and focus on the carbon atoms in the main structure.

• Select the first carbon chain you see.

• Count only the carbon atoms in the branches.

• Identify the longest continuous carbon chain by counting carbon atoms in all possible chains.

What is the IUPAC name for the alkane with the structure CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?

• 3-ethylpentane

• 2-methylpentane

• 3-methylpentane

• 2,3-dimethylbutane

List the first four alkanes in order of increasing carbon number.

• Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane

• Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol

• Pentane, Hexane, Heptane, Octane

• Acetylene, Propylene, Butylene, Isobutylene

What is the difference between a straight-chain alkane and a branched alkane?

• Branched alkanes have a higher boiling point than straight-chain alkanes.

• Straight-chain alkanes contain more carbon atoms than branched alkanes.

• Straight-chain alkanes have a linear structure; branched alkanes have branches off the main chain.

• Straight-chain alkanes are always more stable than branched alkanes.