Understanding Psychological Approaches Quiz

What does the biological approach suggest about human thoughts and cognitive processes?

• They must be biological in origin.

• They are influenced by social interactions.

• They are primarily driven by environmental factors.

• They are independent of physiological processes.

According to the text, what is the heritability coefficient of IQ as stated by Plomin?

• 0.5

• 1.0

• 0.7

• 0.3

What does epigenetics involve?

• Changes in the phenotype without genetic influence.

• Alterations in the brain structure.

• Direct modification of the DNA sequence.

• Changes in gene expression without altering the genetic makeup.

What principle does the ego operate on, according to Freud?

• Pleasure principle

• Anxiety principle

• Reality principle

• Morality principle

What is the main conflict in Freud's psychosexual stages?

• Between innate drives and moral standards

• Between different stages of development

• Between the ego and external reality

• Between the id and the superego

What does self-actualisation refer to in humanistic psychology?

• Conforming to external pressures

• Suppressing personal desires

• Achieving one's full potential

• Adapting to social norms

What is the role of Rogerian therapy?

• To enhance cognitive functions

• To modify problematic behaviors

• To resolve deep-seated unconscious conflicts

• To reduce the gap between the self and the ideal self

What does the term 'phenotype' describe?

• The physical expression of the genotype

• The environmental influences on behavior

• The genetic makeup of an individual

• The psychological characteristics inherited

What is the primary focus of behavior genetics?

• Analyzing the impact of cognitive processes

• Exploring the genetic composition's influence on behavior

• Understanding the role of neurotransmitters

• Studying the influence of the environment on behavior

What does natural selection imply about behaviors?

• Behaviors that offer no survival advantage disappear.

• Behaviors with a selective advantage are likely to be passed on.

• All behaviors are learned rather than inherited.

• Only aggressive behaviors are inherited.