Module 1 Psychology 1 Review

Match the following

• psychology

• the scientific study of an individual's behavior and mental processes

• experiment

• a scientific research method used to discover something new or test a theory

• cognition

• mental processes, including attention, memory, learning, problem solving, and decision making

Match the following

• Gestalt psychology

• approach that focuses on the functions of consciousness and how it helps people adapt behaviors to their environment

• structuralism

• perspective which studies the mind and behavior as a whole

• functionalism

• approach that focuses on the structure and basic elements of consciousness

Match the following

• psychodynamic perspective

• proposes that humans are different than animals in that they desire personal growth

• humanistic perspective

• proposes that unconscious motivations, thoughts, and desires influence our behavior

• behavioral perspective

• proposes that only observable behaviors can be studied scientifically

Match the following

• biological perspective

• proposes that behaviors are understood only by studying mental processes such as gathering, storing, and processing information

• cognitive perspective

• proposes that the society or culture a person interacts with influences thoughts and behaviors

• social-cultural perspective

• proposes that the body's physical structures and chemical processes explain and effect behavior

Match the following

• developmental psychology

• subfield of psychology examines how people grow and change physically, mentally, and emotionally over the course of a lifetime

• applied psychology

• applies psychological theories and principles to solve real-world problems

• school psychology

• subfield of psychology applies psychology principles to diagnose and treat behavior and learning problems in children and adolescents

Organize these options into the right categories

Groups:

(a) Clinical psychology

,

(b) Social psychology

• subfield of psychology examines social behaviors and how people act in groups
• subfield of psychology focuses on treatment of individuals with psychological disorders

Match the following

• defense mechanism

• the part personality that mediates between the id and superego in order to balance desires with reality

• ego

• Freud's theory that the ego uses mechanisms to protect the individual

• id

• the part of personality that uses the pleasure principle to meet basic drives and instincts

Match the following

• superego
• the part of the personality which represents morals and values
• preconscious

• part of the mind just below the conscious awareness where information is easily accessible by the conscious mind
• unconscious

• part of the mind below one's conscious awareness where our deepest thoughts, desires, and memories are found

Match the following

• Hierarchy of Needs
• a theory proposed by Abraham Maslow that actions are motivated by a drive to satisfy levels of unsatisfied needs
• Consciousness
• Frued's method of unconvering the unconscious mind by having the patient discuss whatever thoughts they have
• Free Association
• awareness of self and the surrounding environment

Match the following

• unconditional positive regard
• technique when a therapist expresses complete support and acceptance toward a client
• self-awareness
• the desire to fulfill one's full potential
• self-actualization
• an indivdual's knowledge about him or herself, including strengths and weaknesses