Quiz about Biology Regents Review 2: Ecology

Question 1

Matter and energy

Accepted Answer

always are conserved during a reaction or transformation because matter can be recycled while energy can be transferred.

Answer

always remain the same during a reaction or transformation because both can be recycled.

Answer

can be destroyed during a reaction or transformation because both can be transferred.

Answer

can be created or destroyed during a reaction or transformation because both are recycled and transferred.

Question 2

What three inputs autotrophs need to perform photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

CO₂, Water, Sunlight

Answer

Glucose, Oxygen, Sunlight

Answer

CO₂, Oxygen, Sunlight

Answer

Oxygen, Water, Sunlight

Question 3

What two outputs do autotrophs make during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen and Glucose

Answer

Water and Glucose

Answer

Oxygen and Water

Answer

CO₂ and Glucose

Question 4

What is the name of the green pigment all autotrophs must have to perform photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll

Answer

Monophyll

Answer

Epiphyll

Answer

Glorophyll

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Cell Membrane

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 6

How do cells get energy to perform their necessary functions?

Accepted Answer

Cells get energy by taking in nutrients that have been digested.

Answer

Cells get energy by dissolving waste products.

Answer

Cells get energy only by taking in oxygen from the atmosphere.

Answer

Cells get energy by moving water from one organelle to another.

Question 7

Which of the following are outputs in the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

carbon dioxide and water

Answer

carbon dioxide and oxygen

Answer

glucose and oxygen

Answer

glucose and water

Question 8

In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?

Accepted Answer

mitochondrion

Answer

chloroplast

Answer

nucleus

Answer

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Cellular respiration is carried out by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

all living organisms

Answer

plants only

Answer

plants and animals

Answer

plants, algae, and cyanobacteria

Question 10

Which of the following are inputs in the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

glucose and oxygen

Answer

carbon dioxide and water

Answer

carbon dioxide and oxygen

Answer

glucose and water

Question 11

Cellular respiration is a process that __________ energy.

Accepted Answer

releases

Answer

absorbs

Answer

captures

Answer

stores

Question 12

How do number of ATP molecules compare from the breakdown of one glucose molecule during aerobic cellular respiration vs. anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration produces more ATP and anaerobic respiration produces less ATP due to carbon dioxide being available.

Answer

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP due to oxygen being available.

Answer

Aerobic respiration produces less ATP and anaerobic respiration produces more ATP due to carbon dioxide being available.

Answer

Aerobic respiration produces more ATP and anaerobic respiration produces less ATP due to oxygen being available.

Question 13

Which of the following represents the correct cycling of gases?

Accepted Answer

Option D is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Question 14

A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?

Accepted Answer

outputs of one process are used as some of the inputs for the other process.

Answer

Both processes produce carbon dioxide.

Answer

Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.

Answer

Thermal energy from one process is used as the energy source for the other process.

Question 15

On average, how much energy is lost between each trophic level?

Accepted Answer

90%

Answer

0%

Answer

10%

Answer

100%

Question 16

The combination of chemical reactions through

which an organism builds up or breaks down

materials as it carries out its life processes is called ...

Accepted Answer

metabolism

Answer

absorption

Answer

digestion

Answer

consumption

Question 17

Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO₂ and H₂O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO₂. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?

Accepted Answer

Only species Y is anaerobic

Answer

Only species Y is aerobic.

Answer

Both species X and Y are aerobic.

Answer

Both species X and Y are anaerobic.

Question 18

The diagram shows the flow of organic molecules through an ecosystem. What two processes are identified by the labels X and Y?

Accepted Answer

X : Decomposition
Y : Respiration

Answer

X : Respiration
Y : Predation

Answer

X : Adaptation
Y : Decomposition

Answer

X : Fermentation
Y : Nitrogen Fixation

Question 19

What process occurs when coal (fossil fuel) is used for energy?

Accepted Answer

Combustion

Answer

Decomposition

Answer

Pressurization

Answer

Respiration

Question 20

Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Combustion

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Death

Question 21

TRUE or FALSE?
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 22

Which of these is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water cycle?

Accepted Answer

Substance is required by all living things & is involved in many processes that occur in all living things.

Answer

The largest reserves of the substance are always in organisms.

Answer

The substance must pass through organisms in order to complete its cycle

Answer

The ocean is a reservoir for all three substances.

Question 23

Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

volcanoes

Answer

combustion of fossil fuels

Answer

animal and plant respiration

Question 24

Why do all organisms need nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

To build proteins that is needed by all organisms to perform life processes.

Answer

To build phosphorus that is needed by all organisms to perform life processes.

Answer

To make oxygen that is needed by all organisms to perform life processes.

Answer

To help all organisms increase blood circulation.

Question 25

Algal blooms usually occur when nitrogen increases in the

Accepted Answer

water.

Answer

air.

Answer

soil.

Question 26

What is the role of decomposers in the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

They break down dead organisms, releasing carbon dioxide

Answer

They release oxygen into the atmosphere

Answer

They fix nitrogen in the soil

Answer

They convert carbon dioxide into glucose

Question 27

How does deforestation affect the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

Increases atmospheric carbon

Answer

Increases carbon storage

Answer

Decreases atmospheric carbon

Answer

Has no effect

Question 28

What are the four biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids

Answer

A, T, C, G

Answer

water, air, earth, and fire

Answer

Joe, Nick, and Kevin Jonas

Question 29

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are elements in what biomolecule?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Lipid

Answer

Nucleic acid

Question 30

The creation of molecules in living things from breaking bonds and rearranging atoms can be described as:

Accepted Answer

biosynthesis

Answer

biology

Answer

creation

Answer

protein

Question 31

The amount of energy the producers in this energy pyramid provide the primary consumers is 54,000 joules. From this amount, 540 joules are provided to the tertiary consumers. Based on this model, how much of the energy was provided to secondary consumers?

Accepted Answer

5,400 J

Answer

53,460 J

Answer

54 J

Answer

540 J

Question 32

Which of the following are missing from the food web shown above?

Accepted Answer

decomposers

Answer

omnivores

Answer

predators

Answer

producers

Question 33

An ocean food chain is shown in the diagram above. Which organism represents the trophic level containing approximately 1% of the initial amount of solar energy acquired by the phytoplankton?

Accepted Answer

sand eels

Answer

herring

Answer

humans

Answer

copepods

Question 34

In recent years humans have interfered with the natural balance within deer populations in various ecosystems. The interference includes eliminating predators of the deer. Which of the following statements correctly describes the long-term outcome of this interference?

Accepted Answer

The deer population will be too large to be supported by producers

Answer

Other browsing species will thrive and out compete the deer

Answer

The producers will evolve into species that are less palatable to the deer

Answer

The deer that are the fastest and most agile will survive and reproduce.

Question 35

How many primary consumers are there in this food web?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 36

What term is used to describe when concentrations of a harmful substance increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web

Accepted Answer

biological magnification

Answer

biodiversity

Answer

keystone species

Question 37

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

Accepted Answer

around 500

Answer

more than 500

Answer

less than 500

Answer

around 600

Question 38

If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?

Accepted Answer

The bird population would decrease

Answer

The bird population would stay the same

Answer

The bird population would infinitely increase

Question 39

What is the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability?

Accepted Answer

Higher biodiversity often leads to greater ecosystem stability, as diverse ecosystems can better withstand environmental changes.

Answer

Biodiversity has no significant impact on ecosystem stability.

Answer

Lower biodiversity increases ecosystem resilience to changes.

Answer

Ecosystem stability is solely dependent on the number of species present.

Question 40

An accurate definition of Sustainability is

Accepted Answer

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to survive

Answer

meeting population needs

Answer

meeting the needs of the future without worrying about todays

Answer

meeting the food needs of animals

Question 41

The process in which a new ecosystem is formed in an area that was lifeless.

Accepted Answer

primary succession

Answer

resource

Answer

invasive (non-native) species

Answer

competition

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