Motivation Theories

_____ is a psychological process through which unsatisfied wants or needs lead to drives that are aimed at goals or incentives.

• Ability

• Inducement

• Assurance

• Motivation

Work-motivation theories can be broken down into two general categories, which are _______.

Which of the following is a content theory of work motivation?

• The hierarchy-of-needs theory

• The goal-setting theory

• The expectancy theory

• The equity theory

Maslow postulated that everyone has five basic needs, which constitute a need hierarchy. In ascending order, they are:

• physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs

• social, safety, physiological, self-actualization, and esteem needs

• safety, physiological, esteem, self-actualization, and social needs

• esteem, social, physiological, safety, and self-actualization needs

Which of the following needs is correctly matched with its descriptions?

• Physiological needs are basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter

• Safety needs consist of the needs for power and status

• Social needs are the desires to reach one's full potential by becoming everything one is capable of becoming

• Self-actualization needs are the desires for security, stability, and the absence of pain

Which of the following needs is correctly matched with its description?

• Physiological needs-the needs to interact and affiliate with others and the need to feel wanted by others and other basic physical needs

• Safety needs-the desires for security, stability, and the absence of pain

• Esteem needs-the needs for food, clothing, shelter

• Self-actualization needs-the needs for power and status

Lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators.

• lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs become motivators.

• higher-level needs must be satisfied before lower-level needs become motivators.

• there are more ways to satisfy lower-level needs than there are ways to satisfy higher-level needs.

• a need that has been satisfied can continue to serve as a motivator.

Researchers have suggested that Maslow's theory needs a(n) _____.

• capitalist perspective

• collectivist perspective

• individualist perspective

• social individualist perspective

Hofstede's research shows that _____ needs rank highest for professionals and managers.

• safety and social

• social and esteem

• esteem and self-actualization

• social and physiological

The two-factor theory of motivation holds that two sets of factors influence job satisfaction. These are ____.