DNA Repair and technology

What role do mismatch repair proteins play in the mismatch repair process?

• They add new bases to the DNA strand.

• They detect the base and remove it from the newly synthesized strand.

• They replicate the DNA strand.

• They bind the DNA strands together after repair.

What happens after the mismatch repair proteins remove the incorrectly added base?

• The DNA replicates again.

• The gap is filled with the correctly paired base.

• The DNA helix unwinds.

• Additional proteins bind to the DNA.

What is the primary function of nucleotide excision in DNA repair?

• To add new nucleotides randomly along the DNA strand

• To repair double-strand breaks in the DNA

• To repair thymine dimers caused by UV exposure

• To replicate DNA during cell division

Which enzyme is responsible for cutting the DNA on each side of a thymine dimer during nucleotide excision repair?

• DNA Ligase

• DNA Polymerase

• Nuclease

• Helicase

What role does DNA Polymerase play in nucleotide excision repair?

• It cuts the DNA at the site of damage

• It synthesizes new DNA using the undamaged strand as a template

• It seals the DNA backbone after repair

• It recognizes the damaged sites on the DNA

What is the final step in the nucleotide excision repair process?

• Recognition of the thymine dimer

• Synthesis of new DNA

• Excision of the thymine dimer

• Formation of a phosphodiester bond between new and old DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the consequence of a silent mutation in DNA replication?

• It changes the amino acid sequence of the protein.

• It results in a premature stop codon.

• It has no effect on the protein sequence.

• It causes a frameshift mutation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What type of mutation results in an amino acid substitution?

• Nonsense mutation

• Silent mutation

• Missense mutation

• Frameshift mutation

Which mutation substitutes a stop codon for an amino acid during protein synthesis?

• Missense mutation

• Silent mutation

• Nonsense mutation

• Frameshift mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is a possible outcome of frameshift mutations?

• No change in the protein sequence

• Substitution of one amino acid

• Insertion of a stop codon

• Removal of a stop codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2