Molecular and Cell Biology Chapter 16

Why does DNA have a uniform diameter of 2 nanometers

• because purines (one ring bases) always bond with pyrimidines (two ring bases)

• because purines (two ring bases) always bond with pyrimidines (one ring bases)

• because purines (C and T) always bond with pyrimidines (A and G)

• because purines (A and G) always bond with pyrimidines (C and T)

In eukaryotes, transcription is generally associated with

• euchromatin

• heterochromatin

• very tightly packed DNA

• histone acetylation

What does it mean that DNA is antiparallel?

• the twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands

• the 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand

• one strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged

• one strand contains only purines and the other contains only pyrimidines

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which statement (s) is or are true?

• the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork

• the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction as the movement of the replication fork

• the leading strand is synthesized continuously

• the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, gene expression is primarily regulated at the level of

• DNA replication

• RNA modification

• transcription

• translation

Approximately what proportion of the DNA in the human genome codes for proteins or functional RNA?

• 50%

• 10%

• 20%

• 2%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What are the consequences of DNA polymerase's inability to add nucleotides to a free 5' end of a DNA template?

• DNA forms a lagging and leading strand

• DNA becomes shorter with every cycle of replication

• okazaki fragments are produced

• all are a consequence of DNA polymerase's inability to add nucleotides to a free 5' end of a DNA template

an anticodon is a set of three nitrogen bases found on...

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

How does a nonsense mutation differ from a missense mutation

• a nonsense mutation introduces a stop codon into an mRNA while a missense mutation changes an amino acid on the mRNA

• a missense mutation introduces a stop codon into an mRNA while a nonsense mutation changes an amino acid on the mRNA

• a nonsense mutation alters the reading frame on mRNA while a missense mutation prevents introns from being expressed

• a missense mutation alters the reading frame on mRNA while a nonsense mutation prevents introns from being expressed

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following can cause a frameshift mutation

• an insertion of a nitrogenous base

• a deletion of a nitrogenous base

• a substitution of a nitrogenous base

• both an insertion and deletion of a nitrogenous base