Transfer of energy and Matter 2

Carbon sinks are any reservoirs that absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Which process increases the size of the carbon sink in oceans?

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Ocean acidification

• Decomposition

Which factor(s) would be expected to vary in a closed terrestrial mesocosm?

I.    Carbon content

II.   Temperature

III.  Biomass

• I only

• I and II only

• II and III only

• I, II and III

The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle involving methane.

Which conditions favour methane production in W, X and Y?

• Presence of eubacteria and organic matter

• Presence of archaeans and waterlogged soil

• Presence of eubacteria and waterlogged soil

• Presence of archaeans and oxygen

The graph shows how the worldwide use of fossil fuels has increased from 1800 to 2019. How has the increased combustion of fossil fuels contributed significantly to global warming?

• The heat released raises the temperature of the air.

• Combustion causes ozone depletion, which enhances the greenhouse effect.

• The products of combustion absorb long wave radiation.

• The products of combustion absorb long wave radiation.

The diagram shows a simplified carbon cycle.

Which processes are taking place at X and Y?

• X: Photosynthesis

  Y: Fossilization

• X: Respiration

  Y: Fossilization

• X: Photosynthesis

  Y: Combustion

• X: Respiration

  Y: Combustion