Basics of Behaviorism

What is Classical Conditioning?

• Explanations of learning that focus on external events as the cause of changes in behavior, either positive or negative

• Process through which experience cause permanent change in knowledge or behavior

• The association of automatic response with new stimuli

• Process which strengthens behavior by presenting a desired stimulus after the behavior

Which behaviorist coined the term classical conditioning?

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• Albert Bandura

• Jean Piaget

Positive reinforcement ...

• strengthens a behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus

• decreases a behavior

• strengthens a behavior by presenting a desired stimulus after a behavior

… is regarded as the father of Operant Conditioning

• G.A. Miller

• T. Pavlov

• B.F. Skinner

• none of the above

Who is considered the founder of behaviorism?

• Sigmund Freud

• John Watson

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

Behaviorism focuses on the study of:

• Unconscious desires

• Cognitive processes

• Observable behavior

• Emotional experiences

Select the odd one out of the following

• Extinction

• Spontaneous recovery

• Generalization

• Reinforcement

Which behaviorist concept involves the gradual fading of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus?

• Generalization

• Discrimination

• Extinction

• Spontaneous recovery

Who proposed the "law of effect," which states that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated?

• John Watson

• B.F. Skinner

• Edward Thorndike

• Ivan Pavlov

Which behaviorist is known for the development of behavior therapy and systematic desensitization for the treatment of phobias?

• B.F. Skinner

• Joseph Wolpe

• John Watson

• Ivan Pavlov