Genetic Disorders

The condition where someone has either too many or too few chromosomes is known as...

• trisomy

• monosomy

• aneuploidy

• Down's syndrome

Monosomy is when...

• there is only one copy of what is normally a chromosome pair.

• there is an excess of DNA within a cell, resulting in birth defects.

• there is an extra copy of a chromosome in what is normally just a pair (2) of chromosomes.

• one of the copies of a chromosome is non-functioning.

Trisomy is when...

• there is only one copy of what is normally a chromosome pair.

• there is an excess of DNA within a cell, resulting in birth defects.

• there is an extra copy of a chromosome in what is normally just a pair (2) of chromosomes.

• one of the copies of a chromosome is non-functioning.

A common example of trisomy that is when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. This condition is known as...

• Lou Gehrig's Disease.

• Alzheimer's Disease.

• Sickle Cell Anemia.

• Down's Syndrome.

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes in the human genome are often referred to as...

• autosomal chromosomes.

• zygotic chromosomes.

• sex chromosomes.

• unbalanced chromosomes.

The 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome are often referred to as...

• autosomal chromosomes.

• zygotic chromosomes.

• sex chromosomes.

• unbalanced chromosomes.

The condition where pieces of chromosomes are broken off during Meiosis 1 and put into different locations is called...

• autosomal recession.

• chromosome rearrangement.

• telomere rearrangement and lengthening.

• single gene swapping

What is a chromosome inversion?

• A condition where a piece of a chromosome breaks away and is reinserted into the DNA "upside down".

• A condition where chromosomes are ordered in an inverted fasion from chromosome 23 to chromosome 1.

• A condition where a chromosome is read back to front by RNA to result in an improper protein (or no protein at all).

• A condition where two chromosomes break apart and swap places.

What is a chromosome translocation?

• a condition where a piece of a chromosome breaks away and is reinserted into the DNA "upside down".

• A condition where chromosomes are ordered in an inverted fasion from chromosome 23 to chromosome 1.

• a condition where a chromosome is read back to front by RNA to result in an improper protein (or no protein at all).

• a condition where two chromosomes break apart and swap places.

What happens in an unbalanced chromosome insertion?

• Chromosomes break apart and swap places with each other.

• Part of a chromosome breaks away and does NOT recombine with the DNA. The genetic information is lost.

• Part of a chromosome breaks away, is copied and then re-inserted into the chromosome, resulting in extra genetic material on that chromosome.

• Chromosomes are entirely copied and re-inserted into the DNA, resulting in a doubling of that particular chromosome.