Module 31

The retention of encoded information over time refers to 

• effortful processing 
• implicit memory 
• explicit memory
• storage

We encode implicit memories by means of

• recall
• mnemonics
• effortful processing
• automatic processing

Some information in our fleeting ________ is encoded into short-term memory.

• shallow memory
• sensory memory
• automatic memory
• long-term memory

Integrating new incoming information with knowledge retrieved from long-term memory involves the activity of 

• implicit memory
• iconic memory
• echoic memory
• working memory

Encoding that requires attention and conscious awareness is called

• shallow processing
• effortful processing
• automatic processing 
• implicit processing

To remember the information presented in her psychology textbook, Susan often relates it to her own life experiences. Susan's strategy is an effective memory aid because it facilitates

• deep processing
• iconic memory
• nondeclarative memory
• implicit memory

Retention of skills and classically conditioned associations without conscious recollection is known as________ memory.

• explicit
• sensory
• short-term
• implicit

The original Atkinson-Schiffrin three-stage information-processing model introduced distinctions among

• recall, recognition, and relearning
• shallow processing, semantic processing, and deep processing
• sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory 
• the mnemonic effect, the spacing effect, and the testing effect

Tim, a third-grader, learns the sentence “George Eats Old Gray Rats and Paints Houses Yellow” to help him remember the spelling of “geography.” Tim is using 

• a mnemonic technique
• the spacing effect
• implicit memory 
• the peg-word system 

Chunking refers to 

• getting information into memory through the use of visual imagery
• the organization of information into meaningful units
• the unconscious encoding of incidental information 
• the tendency to recognize names we can't recall