U 12 Kinetics and Equilibrium

Front

What is the equilibrium constant (K) in a chemical reaction?

Back

The equilibrium constant (K) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium, each raised to the power of their coefficients in the balanced equation.

Front

What happens to the equilibrium position when a product is removed from a reaction?

Back

The equilibrium shifts to the right, favoring the formation of more products to replace the removed substance.

Front

Define an exothermic reaction.

Back

An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat to the surroundings.

Front

What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

Back

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change.

Front

What effect does increasing pressure have on a reaction involving gases?

Back

Increasing pressure shifts the equilibrium towards the side with fewer moles of gas.

Front

What is an activated complex?

Back

An activated complex is a temporary, unstable arrangement of atoms that occurs during the transition from reactants to products in a chemical reaction.

Front

What does it mean for a reaction to be at equilibrium?

Back

At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.

Front

How does temperature affect the position of equilibrium in an exothermic reaction?

Back

Increasing temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, while decreasing temperature shifts it to the right, favoring the products.

Front

What is the significance of the enthalpy change (ΔH) in a reaction?

Back

The enthalpy change (ΔH) indicates whether a reaction is exothermic (negative ΔH) or endothermic (positive ΔH) and helps predict the direction of equilibrium shifts.

Front

What is the difference between a catalyst and an inhibitor?

Back

A catalyst speeds up a reaction without being consumed, while an inhibitor slows down a reaction.