DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What are the main enzymes involved in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase?

Back

To unwind and separate the double-stranded DNA.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

To synthesize new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments called Okazaki fragments.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

The process of converting a specific segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

To carry the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

The process of converting the sequence of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What are codons?

Back

Sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.

Front

What is a stop codon?

Back

A codon that signals the termination of protein synthesis.