PS 4.5-4.8 Review

Front

What is the placebo effect?

Back

A psychological or physiological change that occurs in response to a treatment, regardless of whether the treatment has an active ingredient.

Front

What defines a treatment in an experiment?

Back

A specific condition or set of conditions applied to participants as part of the experiment.

Front

What is the primary purpose of random assignment in an experiment?

Back

To create groups that are as similar as possible, reducing the influence of confounding variables.

Front

What does statistically significant mean in a study?

Back

The observed results are unlikely to have occurred due to random chance, based on a predefined significance level.

Front

What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experiment?

Back

To provide a baseline for comparison by not receiving the experimental treatment.

Front

What is a confounding variable?

Back

A variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, leading to a false association.

Front

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Back

Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities, while quantitative data involves numerical measurements.

Front

What is a hypothesis?

Back

A testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.

Front

What is the role of a variable in an experiment?

Back

A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types.

Front

What is the difference between independent and dependent variables?

Back

The independent variable is manipulated by the researcher, while the dependent variable is measured to see the effect of the manipulation.