Acids, Bases and Salts

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What does a pH of 7 indicate?

Back

A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, meaning the concentration of H+ ions is equal to the concentration of OH- ions.

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates H+ ions (protons) in a solution, resulting in a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts H+ ions or donates OH- ions in a solution, resulting in a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is hydronium ion (H3O+)?

Back

The hydronium ion (H3O+) is formed when an acid donates a proton to water, increasing the acidity of the solution.

Front

What happens during neutralization?

Back

Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt, resulting in a solution closer to neutral pH.

Front

What is the effect of dilution on pH?

Back

Dilution decreases the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, which can raise the pH towards neutral.

Front

What is the relationship between H+ ions and pH?

Back

The pH of a solution is inversely related to the concentration of H+ ions; as H+ concentration increases, pH decreases.

Front

What is a strong acid?

Back

A strong acid is an acid that completely dissociates in water, releasing all of its H+ ions.

Front

What is a weak acid?

Back

A weak acid is an acid that partially dissociates in water, meaning not all of its H+ ions are released.