AP Stats Ch.3 Review

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What is correlation in statistics?

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Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9

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What does a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.71 indicate?

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A correlation coefficient of -0.71 indicates a strong negative relationship between the two variables, meaning as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What does a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.86 suggest about two variables?

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A correlation coefficient of 0.86 suggests a strong positive relationship, indicating that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is the difference between an explanatory variable and a response variable?

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The explanatory variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed to observe its effect on the response variable, which is the outcome being measured.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9

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What is the least squares regression line (LSRL)?

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The least squares regression line (LSRL) is a straight line that best fits the data points in a scatterplot, minimizing the sum of the squares of the vertical distances of the points from the line.

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CCSS.8.SP.A.2

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What does it mean if a scatterplot shows a linear relationship?

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A linear relationship in a scatterplot indicates that the data points tend to follow a straight line pattern, suggesting a consistent relationship between the two variables.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is the coefficient of determination (R²)?

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The coefficient of determination (R²) measures the proportion of variance in the response variable that can be explained by the explanatory variable in a regression model.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.6B

Front

What is a strong negative relationship?

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A strong negative relationship occurs when an increase in one variable is associated with a significant decrease in another variable, often represented by a correlation coefficient close to -1.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

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What is an example of a situation that might show a strong positive correlation?

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An example of a strong positive correlation is the relationship between the number of hours studied and exam scores, where more study time typically leads to higher scores.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.B.5

Front

What happens to the correlation coefficient when the roles of the explanatory and response variables are switched?

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The correlation coefficient remains the same regardless of which variable is considered explanatory or response, as it measures the strength of the relationship between the two variables.

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CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9