Biology SOL review

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What is the independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

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What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

Back

The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

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What are homologous structures?

Back

Homologous structures are anatomical features in different species that have similar structures but different functions, indicating a common ancestry.

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What is DNA base pairing?

Back

DNA base pairing refers to the specific pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).

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What does a very similar DNA sequence between two organisms suggest?

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It suggests that the two organisms are closely related and may share a common ancestor.

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What is adaptive radiation?

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Adaptive radiation is the process by which organisms diversify rapidly into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments.

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What are vestigial structures?

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Vestigial structures are anatomical features that have lost most or all of their original function through the course of evolution.

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What is the scientific method?

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The scientific method is a systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.

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What is a hypothesis?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.

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What is the role of a control group in an experiment?

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The control group is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do, ensuring that the results are due to the independent variable.