AP Biology Unit 1

Front

What are peptide bonds formed between?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Back

The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.

Front

What is the basic structure of an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid consists of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group (side chain).

Front

Which biomolecule is primarily composed of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic?

Back

Lipid.

Front

What are the two types of secondary protein structures?

Back

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets.

Front

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

Back

To store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the significance of the R group in amino acids?

Back

The R group determines the properties and identity of the amino acid.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid tails, and a phosphate group.