Biology Review

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., TT or tt).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Tt).

Front

What is a cladogram?

Back

A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

Front

Which organism is the closest relative of humans according to cladistics?

Back

The hare is considered the closest relative of humans among the given options.

Front

What is the genotype for a purple flower if green is dominant?

Back

The genotype for a purple flower is gg, as it must be homozygous recessive.

Front

What are the components of the DNA backbone?

Back

The DNA backbone is made up of deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate groups.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins.