DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis Test Review

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What are the main enzymes involved in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase?

Back

It unwinds the double helix structure of DNA, separating the two strands.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

Where does translation occur?

Back

In the ribosome, which is located in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What base is found in DNA but not in RNA?

Back

Thymine.