Cell Types and Organelles

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process by which cells move substances against their concentration gradient, using energy (usually from ATP) to do so.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

Define diffusion in the context of cellular processes.

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and structural support.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What are organelles?

Back

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes necessary for the cell's life.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they generate ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the significance of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division.

Front

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER), as well as detoxification.