
D1.1 SL DNA Replication

Flashcard
•
Biology
•
12th Grade
•
Hard
Nadine Handoyo
FREE Resource
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21 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the primary purpose of DNA replication?
Back
The primary purpose of DNA replication is to ensure accurate transmission of genetic information to daughter cells.
Answer explanation
The primary purpose of DNA replication is to ensure accurate transmission of genetic information to daughter cells, allowing for proper cell division and maintenance of genetic continuity.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Explain the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication.
Back
DNA replication is semi-conservative because each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand.
Answer explanation
DNA replication is semi-conservative because each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand. This ensures genetic continuity, as half of the original DNA is preserved in each new molecule.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How does complementary base pairing contribute to DNA replication accuracy?
Back
Complementary base pairing increases DNA replication accuracy by ensuring specific base pairing and enabling error correction.
Answer explanation
Complementary base pairing increases DNA replication accuracy by ensuring that adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine, which minimizes errors. Additionally, it allows for error correction mechanisms to fix mismatches.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What role does helicase play in DNA replication?
Back
Helicase unwinds the DNA strands.
Answer explanation
Helicase unwinds the DNA strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, allowing the replication machinery to access the single strands for synthesis. This is crucial for accurate DNA replication.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Describe the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication.
Back
DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.
Answer explanation
DNA polymerase is essential for DNA replication as it synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides that are complementary to the template strand, ensuring accurate duplication of genetic information.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the key steps involved in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
Back
Denaturation, Annealing, Extension
Answer explanation
The key steps in PCR are Denaturation (separating DNA strands), Annealing (binding primers to the target sequence), and Extension (synthesizing new DNA strands). This process amplifies specific DNA segments effectively.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How do temperature changes affect the PCR process?
Back
Temperature changes are essential for denaturation, annealing, and extension in PCR.
Answer explanation
Temperature changes are crucial in PCR as they facilitate the three main steps: denaturation (separating DNA strands), annealing (binding primers), and extension (synthesizing new DNA). Without these changes, PCR cannot occur.
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