How Upside-Down Jellies Sting You Without Touching You

The Upside Down Jelly, Cassiopeia zamachana, is a unique jellyfish that lives in coastal waters. It uses its bell to anchor itself upside down and has a symbiotic relationship with algae, which provide it with food. The jellyfish can sting without contact by releasing cassiosomes, tiny structures filled with stinging cells, into the water. These cassiosomes can survive for days, explaining reports of stinging water. The discovery of cassiosomes in 2016 revealed their role as a long-range weapon, enhancing the jelly's feeding strategy and evolutionary success.

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