Cranial Nerves and Swallowing Functions

Dr. Mike explains the anatomy of swallowing, detailing the muscles and nerves involved in the process. He covers the roles of the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles in jaw movement, and the trigeminal nerve's innervation. The facial nerve's control over lip and cheek muscles is discussed, along with the hypoglossal nerve's role in tongue movement and taste. Salivary glands are activated by the glossopharyngeal and facial nerves. The swallowing mechanism involves the vagus nerve and suprahyoid muscles, ensuring food moves safely into the esophagus.

Which muscle is responsible for opening the jaw?

• Masseter

• Lateral pterygoid

• Temporalis

• Medial pterygoid

What is the primary function of the trigeminal nerve in the context of chewing?

• Movement of the tongue

• Salivation

• Motor control of jaw muscles

• Sensory perception of taste

Which cranial nerve is responsible for tightening the lips?

• Glossopharyngeal nerve

• Facial nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

Which nerve predominantly controls the movement of the tongue?

• Vagus nerve

• Facial nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

The anterior two-thirds of the tongue receive taste sensation from which nerve?

• Trigeminal nerve

• Vagus nerve

• Facial nerve

• Glossopharyngeal nerve

Which salivary gland is stimulated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?

• All of the above

• Sublingual gland

• Parotid gland

• Submandibular gland

What is the term used for the moistened food mass formed in the mouth?

• Chyme

• Bolus

• Pulp

• Chyle

Which muscles are involved in lifting the hyoid bone during swallowing?

• Suprahyoid muscles

• Orbicularis oris

• Masseter muscles

• Infrahyoid muscles

What role does the epiglottis play during swallowing?

• Stimulates salivation

• Prevents food from entering the airway

• Closes the nasal cavity

• Opens the esophagus

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the swallowing reflex?

• Vagus nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

• Facial nerve

• Trigeminal nerve