Immune System Function and Response

The immune system is unique as it is not confined to a specific body region. It protects the body from pathogens, which can enter through breathing, food, water, or skin cuts. The immune system distinguishes between body cells and foreign pathogens using macromolecules. It is divided into innate and acquired immunity. Innate immunity acts immediately and is non-specific, while acquired immunity is specific and takes time to develop. The video explains the components of both immunity types, including physical barriers, phagocytes, and lymphocytes.

What makes the immune system different from other body systems?

• It functions only during illness.

• It only protects against viruses.

• It is spread throughout the body.

• It is localized to a specific organ.

How does the immune system recognize its own cells?

• By their color.

• By their size.

• By unique macromolecules on their membranes.

• By their location in the body.

What is an antigen?

• A type of hormone.

• A part of the digestive system.

• A foreign substance that stimulates an immune response.

• A type of white blood cell.

Which type of immunity acts immediately upon pathogen entry?

• Adaptive immunity

• Innate immunity

• Acquired immunity

• Passive immunity

What is the role of skin in the immune system?

• It produces antibodies.

• It acts as a physical barrier to pathogens.

• It filters pathogens from the blood.

• It stores immune cells.

How do mucous membranes contribute to innate immunity?

• They destroy pathogens with acid.

• They signal the brain to increase body temperature.

• They trap pathogens entering through breathing.

• They produce antibodies.

What is the function of phagocytes in innate immunity?

• They create a physical barrier.

• They signal other immune cells.

• They engulf and destroy pathogens.

• They produce antibodies.

What is the main function of T-cells in acquired immunity?

• To recognize and destroy infected cells.

• To increase body temperature.

• To act as a physical barrier.

• To produce antibodies.

What do B-cells produce in the immune response?

• Pathogens

• Antigens

• Antibodies

• Macromolecules

How does acquired immunity differ from innate immunity?

• It is present at birth.

• It does not involve learning.

• It is specific to particular pathogens.

• It acts immediately.