Demographic Transition Model

The video explains the demographic transition model, which outlines five stages of population development in industrialized countries. Initially, populations were stable with high birth and death rates. As countries industrialized, death rates fell, leading to population growth. Eventually, birth rates also declined, stabilizing the population. In the final stage, populations decline as birth rates fall below death rates, resulting in an ageing population. The model is Eurocentric and does not predict beyond stage 5.

What characterizes stage 4 of the demographic transition model?

What implications does the demographic transition model have for countries in stage 5?