What is an Atom?

Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of all matter, incredibly small and numerous. They can be visualized using powerful electron microscopes, revealing their distinct structures. Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons, with most of the atom being empty space. The nucleus, containing protons and neutrons, is dense and accounts for most of the atom's mass. Electrons orbit the nucleus, balancing the positive charge of protons. The atomic number, determined by the number of protons, defines an element's identity and influences its reactivity. Despite their minuscule size, atoms form the basis of everything around us.

How does the number of protons in an atom affect its charge?

What role do electrons play in the overall charge of an atom?