Electromagnetism and its Applications

In the mid-1800s, Hans Oersted discovered that electric current creates a magnetic field, influencing a compass needle. He found that twisting a wire into a solenoid enhances the magnetic force, which can be further amplified by inserting an iron core, forming an electromagnet. Electromagnets are strong but temporary, losing magnetism when the current stops. A practical example is a scrapyard electromagnet, which lifts metal when powered and releases it when off.

Explain how an electromagnet is formed and its significance compared to a solenoid.

Describe the practical application of electromagnets in a scrapyard.