The Classification of Organisms: Traditional and Modern Approaches

The video tutorial discusses the classification of organisms, starting with the traditional Linnaean system developed by Carl Linnaeus, which categorized organisms based on external structures into two kingdoms: animals and plants. With technological advancements, scientists discovered microorganisms and biochemical processes, leading to the expansion of kingdoms to include prokaryotes, fungi, and protists. The binomial system assigns organisms a genus and species name, facilitating global scientific communication. Recent discoveries have introduced a three-domain system, adding a layer above kingdoms, resulting in six kingdoms overall, including Archaea, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota.

Who was the first to make a serious attempt at classifying organisms, and what was the basis of this classification?

• Carl Linnaeus, based on external structures

• Charles Darwin, based on evolution

• Gregor Mendel, based on genetics

• Louis Pasteur, based on microorganisms

What was a significant change in the classification system after the development of the microscope?

• Introduction of the binomial system

• Creation of the animal kingdom

• Discovery of the DNA structure

• Expansion to five kingdoms

In the binomial naming system, how is the name of an organism formatted?

• Genus is lowercase, species is capitalized

• Both genus and species are in italics

• Both genus and species are capitalized

• Genus is capitalized, species is lowercase

What is the primary characteristic of the Archaea domain?

• Consists of primitive bacteria in extreme environments

• Comprises plants and animals

• Includes true bacteria

• Contains multicellular organisms

Which domain includes the kingdoms of protists, fungi, plants, and animals?

• Bacteria

• Archaea

• Eukaryota

• Prokaryota