Acetyl-S-CoA Synthetase: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Mechanism

The video explores the conversion of acetate to acetyl CoA, highlighting the enzyme acetyl CoA synthetase. It discusses the toxic nature of acetate, its conversion process, and the energy implications of the reaction. The video also delves into the mechanistic steps involved in the reaction and the biological significance of acetyl CoA, particularly its role in the TCA cycle and biosynthesis.

What is the primary role of acetyl CoA synthetase in the body?

• To convert ethanol to acetaldehyde

• To convert acetate to acetyl CoA

• To convert acetaldehyde to acetate

• To convert acetyl CoA to citrate

Why is acetate considered toxic in the body?

• It is a byproduct of protein metabolism

• It is a necessary nutrient

• It causes headaches and hangovers

• It is easily excreted

What is the significance of acetyl CoA in cellular metabolism?

• It is a waste product

• It is used in the TCA cycle

• It is a form of stored energy

• It is a neurotransmitter

What is the role of ATP in the conversion of acetate to acetyl CoA?

• It acts as a substrate

• It is not involved in the reaction

• It provides energy for the reaction

• It is a byproduct of the reaction

What type of intermediate is formed during the reaction mechanism?

• Tetrahedral

• Pentavalent

• Hexavalent

• Linear

What happens to the pyrophosphate released during the reaction?

• It is stored in the cell

• It is converted to ATP

• It is excreted as waste

• It is metabolized by inorganic pyrophosphatase

What is the main function of acetyl CoA in the TCA cycle?

• To inhibit the cycle

• To act as a two-carbon donor

• To store energy

• To act as a catalyst

What is a potential downside of converting acetate to acetyl CoA?

• It produces toxic byproducts

• It increases acetate levels

• It slows down metabolism

• It requires the use of ATP

How does the body perceive ethanol produced by bacteria?

• As a nutrient

• As a foreign and potentially toxic substance

• As a waste product

• As a neurotransmitter

What is the relationship between acetyl CoA and citrate synthase?

• Citrate synthase is not related to acetyl CoA

• Acetyl CoA inhibits citrate synthase

• Acetyl CoA is a substrate for citrate synthase

• Citrate synthase converts acetyl CoA to ATP