Acid-Base Problems for Anatomy & Physiology

The video tutorial covers acid-base problems in anatomy and physiology, focusing on acidosis and alkalosis. It explains the normal ranges for pH, pCO2, and bicarbonate, and introduces a three-step strategy to solve these problems. Two examples are provided: one on respiratory acidosis and another on metabolic alkalosis, demonstrating how to determine the cause of the imbalance and whether there is compensation.

What is the normal pH range for blood?

• 7.55 to 7.65

• 7.45 to 7.55

• 7.35 to 7.45

• 7.25 to 7.35

Which of the following is the normal range for pCO2 in mmHg?

• 40 to 50

• 25 to 35

• 30 to 40

• 35 to 45

What is the first step in solving acid-base problems?

• Check bicarbonate levels

• Identify compensation

• Determine if blood is acidic or alkaline

• Calculate the pCO2

In the first example, what condition is identified with a pH of 7.31 and pCO2 of 55?

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Respiratory acidosis

What does a bicarbonate level within the normal range indicate in the first example?

• No compensation

• Partial compensation

• Full compensation

• Metabolic compensation

In the second example, what condition is indicated by a pH of 7.48 and bicarbonate level of 33?

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Respiratory acidosis

What does an elevated bicarbonate level typically cause?

• No change in pH

• Alkalosis

• Neutral pH

• Acidosis

What type of compensation is present in the second example?

• No compensation

• Partial compensation

• Metabolic compensation

• Respiratory compensation

Which value is considered metabolic in acid-base problems?

• pH

• Oxygen

• pCO2

• Bicarbonate

What is the relationship between CO2 levels and pH?

• No relationship

• Both increase together

• Inversely proportional

• Directly proportional