The Effects of Disturbances on Ecosystems

Ecosystems undergo growth and change until reaching stability, but disturbances like volcanoes can disrupt this balance. Primary succession occurs when an ecosystem starts anew after being completely destroyed, while secondary succession happens when some elements survive and regrow. Both processes lead to the formation of a stable ecosystem over time.

What is the state called when an ecosystem's communities are fairly stable?

• Secondary Succession

• Primary Succession

• Disturbance

• Equilibrium

Which of the following is an example of an extreme disturbance that can completely destroy an ecosystem?

• Insect infestation

• Forest fire

• Logging

• Volcano eruption

What is the process called when a new ecosystem forms from scratch after a disturbance?

• Secondary Succession

• Primary Succession

• Equilibrium

• Erosion

Which type of plants are the first to colonize new soil during primary succession?

• Grasses

• Trees

• Shrubs

• Pioneer species

What is the process called when an ecosystem regrows using remnants of the previous ecosystem?

• Primary Succession

• Erosion

• Secondary Succession

• Equilibrium