011 Hyperpolarization - the end of the action potential

In this video, Leslie Samuel discusses the final phase of the action potential, hyperpolarization. He explains how potassium ions exit the cell, aiming for an equilibrium potential of -93 millivolts, which is lower than the resting membrane potential of -70 millivolts. This process is termed hyperpolarization. The sodium-potassium pump then works to restore the membrane potential to its resting state by pumping sodium ions out and potassium ions in. The video concludes with a recap of the action potential phases and encourages viewers to leave questions in the comments.

What is the final phase of the action potential discussed in this episode?

• Equilibrium

• Depolarization

• Hyperpolarization

• Repolarization

During hyperpolarization, which ion is primarily responsible for the cell becoming more negative?

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Potassium

• Chloride

What is the approximate equilibrium potential for potassium during hyperpolarization?

• -100 millivolts

• -70 millivolts

• -93 millivolts

• -50 millivolts

What does the sodium-potassium pump do to help restore the resting membrane potential?

• Pumps 2 potassium ions out and 3 sodium ions in

• Pumps 2 sodium ions out and 3 potassium ions in

• Pumps 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in

• Pumps 3 potassium ions out and 2 sodium ions in

Which process is responsible for bringing the membrane potential back to its resting state after hyperpolarization?

• Sodium-potassium pump

• Chloride efflux

• Calcium influx

• Voltage-gated sodium channels