Heart histology

This video tutorial explores the histology of the heart, starting with an overview of its function and anatomy. It delves into the gross anatomy, describing the heart's chambers and valves. The tutorial then examines the heart's microscopic anatomy, focusing on the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium layers. It also covers the heart's conductive system and autonomic innervation. Finally, the video discusses the structure of heart valves and presents a clinical scenario involving myocardial infarction, highlighting changes observable in histological slides.

What is the primary function of the heart?

• To filter blood

• To produce hormones

• To pump and circulate blood

• To store oxygen

Which layer of the heart is known for its contractile properties?

• Epicardium

• Pericardium

• Myocardium

• Endocardium

What is the innermost layer of the heart wall called?

• Pericardium

• Epicardium

• Myocardium

• Endocardium

Where are Purkinje fibers located within the heart?

• Subendocardial layer

• Endocardial endothelium

• Myocardium

• Epicardium

Which nerve is responsible for decreasing the heart rate?

• Sciatic nerve

• Phrenic nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Vagus nerve

What is the function of the cardiac skeleton?

• To produce red blood cells

• To support heart valves and insulate atria from ventricles

• To store blood

• To regulate blood pressure

Which layer of the mitral valve cusp is closest to the ventricular side?

• Lamina spongiosa

• Lamina ventriculitis

• Lamina atrius

• Lamina fibrosa

What structure prevents the atrioventricular valves from prolapsing?

• Papillary muscles

• Chordae tendineae

• Lamina spongiosa

• Annulus fibrosis

What histological feature is indicative of a myocardial infarction?

• Dilated blood vessels

• Increased adipose tissue

• Contraction bands

• Thickened myocardium

What causes contraction band necrosis in myocardial infarction?

• Decreased blood pressure

• Increased oxygen supply

• High calcium levels

• Low calcium levels