We’ve Found a New(ish) Type of Supernova

What happens to stars that are more than 10 times the mass of our sun when they run out of fuel?

• They become white dwarfs.

• They remain stable and do not explode.

• They undergo a core-collapse supernova.

• They turn into black holes.

What role do degenerate electrons play in electron-capture supernovas?

• They have no significant role.

• They prevent the core from collapsing.

• They increase the star's mass.

• They cause the star to expand.

Which elements are crucial in the process of electron-capture supernovas?

• Hydrogen and helium

• Carbon and oxygen

• Magnesium and neon

• Iron and nickel

What was significant about the supernova 2018ZD?

• It disproved the existence of electron-capture supernovas.

• It was the brightest supernova recorded.

• It provided evidence for electron-capture supernovas.

• It was the first supernova ever observed.

What is the main challenge for life existing in Venus's atmosphere?

• High levels of oxygen

• Lack of sunlight

• Insufficient water activity

• Extreme cold temperatures

What is water activity, as discussed in the context of Venus?

• The temperature of water droplets

• The amount of water vapor in the air

• The potential for water to react with other substances

• The total water content in the atmosphere

Why is the concentration of sulfuric acid in Venus's clouds problematic for life?

• It reduces the availability of water for reactions.

• It makes the clouds too dense.

• It increases the temperature of the atmosphere.

• It blocks sunlight from reaching the surface.