Preparation of Amines: Reduction of nitro compounds

The video tutorial covers six methods for preparing amines: reduction of nitro compounds, ammonolysis of alkyl halides, reduction of nitriles and amides, Gabriel phthalimide synthesis, and Hofmann bromide degradation. Each method is explained with its process, advantages, and limitations. The reduction of nitro compounds involves hydrogenation, while ammonolysis can lead to a mixture of amines. Reduction of nitriles and amides uses lithium aluminum hydride. Gabriel synthesis is specific for primary amines, and Hofmann degradation results in a primary amine with one less carbon atom.

Which metal is commonly used in the reduction of nitro compounds to amines?

• Iron

• Nickel

• Zinc

• Copper

What is a major drawback of the ammonolysis of alkyl halides?

• It is a very slow process

• It results in a mixture of amines

• It requires high temperatures

• It only produces primary amines

What is the product of reducing nitriles with lithium aluminium hydride?

• Secondary amine

• Primary amine

• Tertiary amine

• Quaternary ammonium salt

Which reagent is used to reduce amides to amines?

• Sodium borohydride

• Lithium aluminium hydride

• Potassium permanganate

• Hydrogen gas

Why can't aryl halides be used in the Gabriel synthesis?

• They are too reactive

• They form unstable intermediates

• They have strong carbon-halogen bonds

• They do not react with thalidomide

What is a key feature of the Hoffman bromide degradation reaction?

• It requires a catalyst

• It forms a quaternary ammonium salt

• It reduces the carbon chain by one

• It increases the carbon chain length

In the Hoffman bromide degradation reaction, what migrates to the nitrogen atom?

• Halogen

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Alkyl group