Mars Exploration Missions and Discoveries

The video discusses the history of Mars exploration, starting with the first successful mission in 1964. It highlights the challenges faced by early space probes, many of which were lost or failed to provide useful data. The American spacecraft Mariner 4 achieved the first flyby of Mars in 1965, sending back images that initially gave a barren impression of the planet. However, later missions revealed Mars to be geologically rich, with features like valleys and streams. The video concludes with the success of Mariner 9 in 1971, which became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet, providing detailed views of Mars' surface.

What year marked the first successful mission to Mars?

• 1957

• 1964

• 1980

• 1971

Which spacecraft achieved the first flyby of Mars?

• Viking 1

• Voyager 1

• Mariner 4

• Mars Pathfinder

How were the first images of Mars from Mariner 4 initially processed?

• Sent as video footage

• Printed directly from the spacecraft

• Hand-colored on paper

• Digitally enhanced

What misconception did Mariner 4's images create about Mars?

• Mars was barren and cratered

• Mars was similar to Earth

• Mars had abundant water

• Mars had a thick atmosphere

What did later missions reveal about Mars that contradicted Mariner 4's findings?

• Abundant vegetation

• Presence of life

• Geological richness

• Thick atmosphere

How many more missions were launched by the Soviets and Americans after Mariner 4?

• 5

• 9

• 15

• 12

Which spacecraft was the first to orbit another planet?

• Pioneer 10

• Mars Odyssey

• Viking 2

• Mariner 9

What significant features did Mariner 9 discover on Mars?

• Oceans and lakes

• Dust storms and volcanoes

• Cities and roads

• Forests and rivers

In what year did Mariner 9 successfully orbit Mars?

• 1996

• 1964

• 1971

• 1985

What was a major contribution of Mariner 9 to Mars exploration?

• Finding evidence of life

• Mapping the entire surface

• Detecting a magnetic field

• Discovering polar ice caps