Exploring the Structure and Function of Nucleic Acids

What are nucleic acids responsible for in living organisms?

• Cell membrane formation and repair

• Storage of genetic information and protein synthesis

• Hormone production and immune response

• Energy storage and muscle contraction

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• A 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

• A 6 carbon sugar, a sulfate group, and a nitrogenous base

• A 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and an amino acid

• A 6 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Which sugar is present in DNA?

• Fructose

• Glucose

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

How are nucleotides linked together in DNA?

• By hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases

• By dehydration synthesis between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another

• By covalent bonds between nitrogenous bases

• By ionic bonds between phosphate groups

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

• Peptide bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Covalent bonds

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

What is the primary structural difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA contains uracil, RNA contains thymine

• DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

• DNA contains ribose, RNA contains deoxyribose

• DNA is single-stranded, RNA is double-stranded

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

• Providing energy for the cell

• Regulating the expression of genetic information

• Storing genetic information

• Forming the cell membrane

What is ATP composed of?

• Guanine, ribose, and two phosphate groups

• Adenine, deoxyribose, and three phosphate groups

• Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups

• Cytosine, ribose, and three phosphate groups

What happens when the terminal phosphate group is removed from ATP?

• Energy is stored and ATP is formed

• Energy is released and ATP is formed

• Energy is released and ADP is formed

• Energy is stored and ADP is formed