Review: Cells & Matter

Which part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell?

• Nucleus

• Cell membrane

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

What is the main function of the digestive system?

• To pump blood

• To break down food and absorb nutrients

• To control movement

• To produce hormones

Which state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Which of the following best describes thermal energy?

• The total energy of all the particles in a substance

• The energy needed to move an object

• The energy stored in food

• The energy from the sun

Which organ is responsible for most nutrient absorption in the digestive system?

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Esophagus

What happens to the particles of a substance when it is heated?

• They slow down

• They move faster

• They disappear

• They become smaller

Which of the following best describes the difference between heat and temperature?

• Heat is a measure of how hot something is; temperature is the total energy of particles.

• Heat is energy transferred between objects; temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is.

• Heat and temperature are the same thing.

• Temperature is energy in motion; heat is stored energy.

Which cell structure is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Cell wall

Compare the arrangement of particles in a solid, liquid, and gas.

• Solids have closely packed particles, liquids have loosely packed particles, and gases have particles far apart.

• Solids and liquids have particles far apart, gases have closely packed particles.

• All states have the same particle arrangement.

• Gases and solids have loosely packed particles, liquids have closely packed particles.

If you place an ice cube in a warm room, which phase change will occur and why?

• Freezing, because the ice cube loses energy

• Melting, because the ice cube gains energy from the surroundings

• Condensation, because water vapor forms

• Sublimation, because the ice turns directly into gas