KG12303-CHAPTER 1

What is Petroleum (Oil and Gas) Engineering primarily concerned with?

• Transportation and storage of refined products.

• Activities related to the production of hydrocarbons (crude oil or natural gas).

• Sales, marketing, and retail of petroleum products.

• Design and construction of pipelines.

Which sector of the oil and gas industry is Petroleum Engineering considered part of?

• Midstream

• Downstream

• Upstream

• Petrochemical

The Upstream segment, often known as E&P, includes which of the following activities?

• Refining crude oil.

• Transporting crude oil by pipeline.

• Searching for potential underground fields, drilling exploratory wells, and operating production wells.

• Distribution of natural gas.

The Midstream segment involves which primary activities?

• Geological prospectivity and seismic imaging.

• Transport (pipeline, rail, barge, truck), storage, and wholesale marketing.

• Well completion and production operations.

• Refining and petrochemical production.

What is the Downstream segment primarily responsible for?

• Oil and gas exploration.

• Refining crude oil, and the selling and distribution of natural gas and derived products.

• Development drilling and field planning.

• Natural gas processing and purifying

What does the word 'Petroleum' literally mean?

• Earth gas

• Rock oil

• Sea liquid

• Natural fuel

Crude oil is primarily made of a mixture of different chemicals called what?

• Organic acids

• Sulphur compounds

• Hydrocarbons

• Alcohols

The dead animals and plants that eventually turned into oil and gas were originally what?

• Dinosaurs

• Fish and whales

• Large marine organisms

• Tiny animals and plants (plankton) that lived in the sea

What is the waxy substance that anaerobic bacteria convert lipids (fat, oil, and waxes) into, which then becomes the major source of oil and gas deposits?

• Bitumen

• Naphthene

• Paraffin

• Kerogen

What is the general formula for alkanes (saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, also known as paraffins)?

• CnH2n

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n+n

• CnHn