Cell Biology Higher-Order Thinking Skills

Which organelle works most closely with the ribosomes to ensure proteins are properly folded and transported?

• Nucleus

• Smooth ER

• Rough ER

• Vacuole

Which evidence best supports the idea that structure is related to function in cells?

• Nerve cells are long to transmit signals efficiently

• All cells contain DNA

• All cells require energy

• Plant cells have mitochondria

A plant left in the dark for several weeks turns pale and weak. Which organelle's function is MOST affected?

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Mitochondrion

Which scenario demonstrates the importance of the plasma membrane's selective permeability?

• White blood cells engulfing bacteria

• Mitochondria producing ATP

• Chloroplasts capturing light

• Lysosomes breaking down waste

Which combination of organelles is directly responsible for producing and packaging enzymes?

• Nucleus → Ribosome → Golgi Apparatus

• Ribosome → Lysosome → Vacuole

• Mitochondria → Rough ER → Nucleus

• Chloroplast → Smooth ER → Golgi

Doctors inject a patient with insulin. Which organelle in the pancreas produced this protein?

• Lysosome

• Ribosome

• Vacuole

• Mitochondrion

Why is the nucleus considered the 'control center' of the cell?

• It stores nutrients

• It contains enzymes

• It stores genetic instructions for proteins

• It produces energy

During mitosis, chromosomes separate into chromatids and move toward opposite poles. Which phase is this?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Which type of cell division would be MOST affected if a species suddenly could not reproduce sexually?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

• Budding

Which statement explains why mitosis is necessary in multicellular organisms?

• It ensures variation among offspring

• It maintains chromosome number in somatic cells

• It reduces chromosome number in gametes

• It allows traits to mix in offspring