intro to cs

Which of the following best describes a vulnerability?

• An intentional attack on a system

• A weakness in a system that could be exploited

• The act of exploiting a system

• A backup control measure

The CIA triad stands for:

• Confidentiality, Integrity, Access

• Cyber, Internet, Authentication

• Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability

• Control, Identification, Authentication

Which of the following is primarily an availability attack?

• SQL injection

• Password theft

• Data breach of credit cards

• DDoS attack

Which property is most impacted if hackers alter patient medical records?

• Confidentiality

• Integrity

• Availability

• Authentication

The use of stolen credentials in web app attacks (~88% of cases in 2025 DBIR) is an example of which concept?

• Vulnerability

• Threat

• Exploit

• Mitigation

Which cyber attack brought down airport check-in systems in Europe in 2025

• SQL injection

• Ransomware

• Drive-by download

• Phishing

Which of the following is NOT a cyber security control type?

• Physical

• Technical

• Administrative

• Financial

Which domain of cyber security deals with password hashing and digital signatures?

• Cryptography

• Network Security

• Malware Analysis

• Application Security

A university student clicks a phishing link that installs malware. Which CIA property is MOST at risk?

• Integrity

• Availability

• Confidentiality

• None of the above

A banking app shows altered account balances due to an attacker changing database values. Which CIA property is compromised?

• Confidentiality

• Integrity

• Availability

• Non-repudiation