3IE Natural Selection Quiz

Which of the following best describes the main outcome of natural selection in a population?

• Individuals change their traits to survive.

• The frequency of advantageous traits increases in the population over generations.

• All individuals in a population become identical.

• Environmental resources become unlimited.

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Which factor is NOT a component of natural selection?

• Inherited variation

• Unlimited resources

• Overproduction of offspring

• Differential reproductive success

What is the primary reason that natural selection acts on populations rather than individuals?

• Individuals can change their genes during their lifetime.

• Populations contain genetic variation, and only populations evolve over time.

• Natural selection only affects non-living things.

• Individuals do not reproduce.

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Which scenario best illustrates differential reproductive success?

• All individuals in a population have the same number of offspring.

• Some individuals survive and reproduce more than others due to inherited traits.

• Every offspring survives to adulthood.

• The environment has unlimited resources.

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Which of the following is an example of an environmental pressure that can lead to natural selection?

• A sudden increase in food supply

• A new predator introduced to the habitat

• All individuals in a population are identical

• Unlimited space for all organisms

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What is the role of inherited variation in natural selection?

• It ensures all individuals are the same.

• It provides differences that may give some individuals a survival advantage.

• It eliminates all competition.

• It stops evolution from occurring.

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Which of the following best explains why not all offspring survive to adulthood in a population?

• There are always enough resources for everyone.

• Environmental resources are limited, leading to competition.

• All offspring are equally fit.

• Natural selection does not affect survival.

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How can natural selection lead to the formation of a new species (speciation)?

• By causing all individuals to become identical

• By favoring different traits in separate populations, leading to reproductive isolation

• By eliminating all variation in a population

• By increasing the mutation rate

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Which of the following is an example of natural selection in action?

• A population of insects develops resistance to a pesticide over several generations.

• An individual insect changes its color during its lifetime.

• All insects in a population die at the same time.

• The environment remains unchanged for thousands of years.

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Why does overproduction of offspring contribute to natural selection?

• It ensures all offspring survive.

• It leads to competition for limited resources, so only some survive and reproduce.

• It decreases genetic variation.

• It prevents evolution.

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